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Thermal analysis for Civil Structural Health Monitoring of Concrete Structure in the Presence of Imprecise Values

Authors

  • Jeba Fariha Islam

    Department of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, China Three Gorges University, China
    Author

  • Abdullah Afzal

    University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
    Author

  • Sadik Md Nafis

    Department of Hydraulic Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, China
    Author

  • Jamil Afzal

    International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia
    Author
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5640-0578

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22581/0474

Keywords:

Thermal Analysis, Neelum Jhelum Hydropower Project, Heat of Hydration, Internal flow Theory , Neutrosophic Analysis

Abstract

In the construction of massive concrete structures such as dams, bridges, foundations, retaining walls, and nuclear power plant containment structures, temperature control is one of the most critical engineering challenges. This is mainly due to the heat of hydration, which is the heat released when cement reacts with water during the hydration process. This creates temperature gradients and tensile stresses that exceed the tensile strength of concrete, causing cracks. Cracks reduce durability, allow water ingress, and can cause long-term structural weaknesses. Engineers mitigate this through material selection, construction practices, and artificial cooling methods, i.e., pipe cooling. A numerical model was created in this work for the thermal analysis of mega concrete structures with pipeline cooling systems, and the robustness was assessed via a neutrosophic approach. Pipe modeling was done using a line element, and for determining the thermal fluctuation of water being used, the internal flow theory was adopted. The projected outcomes were compared with the measurement statistics from the Neelam Jehlum hydropower project's bypass tunnel concrete foundation. The expected outcomes and the site analysis information demonstrated high consistency. Neutrosophic sensitivity analysis also confirms that the modeled coefficients were highly robust.

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References

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Published

2026-04-01

Issue

Vol. 45 No. 2 (2026): April Issue

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2026 Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Thermal analysis for Civil Structural Health Monitoring of Concrete Structure in the Presence of Imprecise Values. (2026). Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 45(2), 52-61. https://doi.org/10.22581/0474

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