PackMLP: A Patch Based MLP Model for Intelligent Inventory Forecasting and Automation with A-LIQ QR Scanning Integration
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22581/0407Keywords:
Inventory Management, PackMLP, A-LIQ (Advanced Laser Inertial QR), Attention-free deep learning modelAbstract
Traditional inventory management systems are often constrained by manual inefficiencies, inaccurate forecasting, and poor scalability, particularly in dynamic retail environments. This paper introduces a novel, intelligent inventory management solution that integrates a high performance PackMLP model for time series sales forecasting with a modified A-LIQ (Advanced Laser Inertial QR) code scanning framework for real time inventory tracking. The scanning module leverages inertial correction and visual calibration to enhance recognition robustness, achieving 99.2% accuracy with an average latency of 0.9 seconds, even under suboptimal scanning conditions. For forecasting, we propose PackMLP, a lightweight, attention free deep learning model that combines multi-scale patch embedding, trend residual decomposition, and cross channel MLP blocks to capture temporal and inter-variable dependencies. Evaluated on the M5 Walmart dataset, PackMLP outperforms leading state-of-the-art (SOTA) models, including Transformer, Informer, PatchTST, PatchMLP, and TSMixer, achieving the lowest NWRMSLE (Normalized Weighted Root Mean Squared Logarithmic Error) of 0.0811, MAE (Mean Absolute Error) of 0.358, and MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) of 14.6%, while also offering the smallest model size (39 MB) and fastest inference time (12.2 ms/sample). A one-month deployment in a real retail setting demonstrated a 4.4% improvement in inventory accuracy, a 25% reduction in stockouts, and a 15% decrease in holding costs compared to manual systems. With its modular architecture, web-based dashboard, and real time low stock alerts, the system offers a cost effective, scalable alternative to complex enterprise platforms. These results confirm PackMLP’s potential as a practical and high accuracy forecasting engine for next generation inventory management systems.
Downloads
References
[1] “Warehouse automation: technology adoption 2019-2030| Statista.” Accessed: Aug. 17, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1169394/global-warehouse-automation-technology-adoption/
[2] “Warehouse Automation Market Size To Hit USD 95.45 Bn By 2034.” Accessed: Aug. 17, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.precedenceresearch.com/warehouse-automation-market?
[3] M. Zubair, A. Waleed, A. Rehman, F. Ahmad, M. Islam, and S. Javed, “Machine Learning Insights into Retail Sales Prediction: A Comparative Analysis of Algorithms,” 2024 International Conference on Horizons of Information Technology and Engineering, HITE 2024 - Proceedings, 2024, doi: 10.1109/HITE63532.2024.10777132.
[4] M. Zubair, A. Waleed, A. Rehman, F. Ahmad, M. Islam, and S. Javed, “Next-Generation Healthcare: Design and Implementation of a Smart Medicine Vending System,” 2024 International Conference on Horizons of Information Technology and Engineering, HITE 2024 - Proceedings, 2024, doi: 10.1109/HITE63532.2024.10777201.
[5] J. Ferdousmou et al., “IoT-Enabled RFID in Supply Chain Management: A Comprehensive Survey and Future Directions,” Journal of Computer and Communications, vol. 12, no. 11, pp. 207–223, Oct. 2024, doi: 10.4236/JCC.2024.1211015.
[6] T. Seothan and K. Oluwamayowa, “Multichannel Inventory Management and Its Role in Fast Fulfillment,” Apr. 2025, Accessed: Dec. 1, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/390627610_Multichannel_Inventory_Management_and_Its_Role_in_Fast_Fulfillment
[7] F. Ugbebor, M. Adeteye, and J. Ugbebor, “Automated Inventory Management Systems with IoT Integration to Optimize Stock Levels and Reduce Carrying Costs for SMEs: A Comprehensive Review,” Journal of Artificial Intelligence General science (JAIGS) ISSN:3006-4023, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 306–340, Nov. 2024, doi: 10.60087/JAIGS.V6I1.257.
[8] Z. Gong, Y. Tang, and J. Liang, “PatchMixer: A Patch-Mixing Architecture for Long-Term Time Series Forecasting,” Oct. 2023, Accessed: Aug. 18, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.00655
[9] P. Tang and W. Zhang, “Unlocking the Power of Patch: Patch-Based MLP for Long-Term Time Series Forecasting,” Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 39, no. 12, pp. 12640–12648, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.1609/AAAI.V39I12.33378.
[10] A. Vaswani et al., “Attention is All you Need,” Adv Neural Inf Process Syst, vol. 30, 2017.
[11] B. Lim, S. Arık, N. Loeff, and T. Pfister, “Temporal Fusion Transformers for interpretable multi-horizon time series forecasting,” Int J Forecast, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 1748–1764, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.1016/J.IJFORECAST.2021.03.012.
[12] Y. Nie, N. H. Nguyen, P. Sinthong, and J. Kalagnanam, “A Time Series is Worth 64 Words: Long-term Forecasting with Transformers,” 11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023, Nov. 2022, Accessed: Aug. 17, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.14730
[13] M. P. Rahman Mahin, M. Shahriar, R. R. Das, A. Roy, and A. W. Reza, “Enhancing Sustainable Supply Chain Forecasting Using Machine Learning for Sales Prediction,” Procedia Comput Sci, vol. 252, pp. 470–479, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.PROCS.2025.01.006.
[14] M. Seyedan, F. Mafakheri, and C. Wang, “Order-up-to-level inventory optimization model using time-series demand forecasting with ensemble deep learning,” Supply Chain Analytics, vol. 3, p. 100024, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.1016/J.SCA.2023.100024.
[15] Q. Tong, X. Ming, and X. Zhang, “Construction of Sustainable Digital Factory for Automated Warehouse Based on Integration of ERP and WMS,” Sustainability 2023, Vol. 15, Page 1022, vol. 15, no. 2, p. 1022, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.3390/SU15021022.
[16] S. F. Tseng, H. B. Chen, C. X. Luo, and W. T. Hsiao, “Investigations of ultraviolet laser patterning QR codes on printed circuit boards for inventory management,” International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 135, no. 11, pp. 5987–5997, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.1007/S00170-024-14874-0/TABLES/4.
[17] B. Yoon, H. Kim, G. Youn, and J. Rhee, “3D Position Estimation of Objects for Inventory Management Automation Using Drones,” Applied Sciences 2023, Vol. 13, Page 10830, vol. 13, no. 19, p. 10830, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.3390/APP131910830.
[18] “(PDF) A Review of Existing Inventory Management Systems.” Accessed: Aug. 17, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/383947700_A_Review_of_Existing_Inventory_Management_Systems
[19] S. Zhong, S. Song, W. Zhuo, G. Li, Y. Liu, and S. H. G. Chan, “A Multi-Scale Decomposition MLP-Mixer for Time Series Analysis,” Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 1723–1736, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.14778/3654621.3654637;WGROUP:STRING:ACM.
[20] A. Zeng, M. Chen, L. Zhang, and Q. Xu, “A Time Series is Worth 64 Words: Long-term Forecasting with Transformers,” Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2023, vol. 37, pp. 11121–11128, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1609/aaai.v37i9.26317.
[21] S. Liu et al., “Pyraformer: Low-Complexity Pyramidal Attention for Long-Range Time Series Modeling and Forecasting,” International Conference on Learning Representations, 2022.
[22] H. Zhou et al., “Informer: Beyond Efficient Transformer for Long Sequence Time-Series Forecasting,” 35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2021, vol. 12B, pp. 11106–11115, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1609/aaai.v35i12.17325.
[23] V. Ekambaram, A. Jati, N. Nguyen, P. Sinthong, and J. Kalagnanam, “TSMixer: Lightweight MLP-Mixer Model for Multivariate Time Series Forecasting,” Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 459–469, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1145/3580305.3599533.
[24] P. Tang and W. Zhang, “Unlocking the Power of Patch: Patch-Based MLP for Long-Term Time Series Forecasting,” May 2024, Accessed: Jun. 14, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.13575
[25] Y. Mashayekhy, A. Babaei, X. M. Yuan, and A. Xue, “Impact of Internet of Things (IoT) on Inventory Management: A Literature Survey,” Logistics 2022, Vol. 6, Page 33, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 33, May 2022, doi: 10.3390/LOGISTICS6020033.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Similar Articles
- Chandar Kumar, Dur Muhammad Soomro, Najeeb Ur Rehman Malik, Data Driven Learning Based Robust Control for Nonlinear Electromechanical Systems: A Case Study on SRV02 , Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology: Vol. 44 No. 4 (2025): October Issue
- Iqra Kanwal , Ali Afzal Malik , Regression-based predictive modelling of software size of fintech projects using technical specifications , Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology: Vol. 44 No. 2 (2025): April Issue
- Najma Imtiaz Ali, Imtiaz Ali Brohi, Aadil Jamali, Kasturi Kanchymalay, Noor Zaman Jhanjhi, Safeeullah Soomro, Overcoming Occlusion in Person Re-Identification: A Multi-Level Attention Transformer Approach , Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology: Vol. 45 No. 1 (2026): January Issue
- Abdul Rehman, Habib ur Rehman, Noor Muhammad Khan, Machine Learning Based Prediction of Hydraulic Jump Lengths in Stilling Basins for Barrages and Low-Head Hydraulic Structures , Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology: Vol. 45 No. 1 (2026): January Issue
- Shabana Hajano, Sanam Narejo, Sofia Hajano, Fouzia Hajano, A Few-Shot Learning Framework for Understanding Mobile User Behavior , Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology: Vol. 44 No. 4 (2025): October Issue
- Syed Shabeeb Raza, Muhammad Imran Saleem, Hassan Ahmed Khan, Shaheena Noor, Ali Yousuf Khan, Eman Razzaq, A Comparative Analysis of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) Security Policies With and Without Reinforcement Learning Automation , Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology: Vol. 45 No. 2 (2026): April Issue
- Shakeel Ahmad , Sheikh Muhammad Saqib, Asif Hassan Syed , Ali Ahmed Abdelrahim , Nashwan Alromema, XAI-Driven Stacking Ensemble for Cross-Disease Feature Modification and Clinical Insights , Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology: Vol. 45 No. 2 (2026): April Issue
- Lyu Guanghua, Syed Hadi Hussain Shah, Rizwan Arshad, Ni Jiahua, Machine Learning-Based Optimization of Photovoltaic Panel Cleaning Schedules in Arid Environments: A Case Study of Ryadh, Saudi Arabia , Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology: Vol. 45 No. 2 (2026): April Issue
- Jairam Das Bather, Muhammad Saleem, Nisar Ahmed, Zahid Khaskheli, Zoha Waheed, Ali Kolachi, Umer Ghaffar, An Adaptive Gamification Optimization Algorithm for Analyzing Programming Learning Difficulties , Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology: Vol. 45 No. 3 (2026): July Issue
- Saeed Ahmad Rana, Haroon Rasheed, State-Space Modeling and Stability Analysis of MMC-Based Distributed Generation Units in Islanded Microgrids , Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology: Vol. 45 No. 2 (2026): April Issue
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.